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What causes hot spots (moist dermatitis) in dogs?

Hot spots (also called acute moist dermatitis) are localized, inflamed, infected areas of skin that develop rapidly—often within hours. They’re usually the result of a self-reinforcing itch–scratch–infection cycle. 1. Underlying itch triggers (primary causes) These are the most common starting points: Flea infestationsEven a single flea bite can trigger intense itching, especially in dogs with flea allergy dermatitis. Allergies Environmental (pollen, dust mites, mold) Food allergies (proteins like chicken, beef, dairy) Parasites Mites (e.g., mange) Lice or ticks 👉 These conditions cause pruritus (itching) → dog scratches/licks → skin barrier breaks → bacteria invade. 2. Moisture + skin environment issues...